Ancient Ports in Spain & Portugal

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Ancient port mentioned by ancient author(s)

Ancient port mentioned by modern author(s) only

Potential ancient harbour, from a nautical point of view

NB Ancient name Modern name
172 Oiasso, Olarso, Oeasoun, Oyarzun Estuary of R Bidasoa, Irun ; export of silver & lead ; shipwreck at Cala de Asturiaga
172.1 Cala de Asturiaga, cape Higer
172.2 San Sebastien
172.3 Santa Maria la Real, at Zarauz, Zarautz
173 Menosca Guetaria
174 Lekeitio, Lequeitio
175 Vesperies? Portuondo, on Ria de Guernica, Gernika
175.1 Forua, on Ria de Guernica, Gernika
175.2 Castro de Kosnoaga
175.3 Bermeo
176 Berreaga, with possible beaching at Plencia
176.1 Portugalete, on Ria de Bilbao
177 Flaviobriga, Portus Amanum, Port of the Amanes Castro Urdiales
178 Punta Pilota
178.1 PPico del Hacha
179 Traiectum Treto, on R Ason
179.1 Santona, Roman villa at Santa Maria del Puerto church
179.2 Monte Cincho
179.3 La Sorrozuela, on Ria de Ajo
180 Sauga? Pedrena, on R Miera
181 Portus Victrix, Portus Victoriae Iuliobrigensium, Port of Juliobrigiens’ Victory Calle San Fernando, Santander (note that Juliobriga is located near Reinosa)
181.1 Istmo de la Magdalena, Santander
181.2 Cueto de Mogro, on Ria de Mogro
182 Portus Blendium Suances, on R Saja-Besaya
183 Portus Veseiasueca, Vereasuecae San Vicente de la Barquera
184 Castillo de Prellezo, Val de San Vicente
184.1 Ribadesella
184.2 La Isla, near Colunga
185 Pico Castiello, Moriyon, Villaviciosa
185.1 Punta de Rodiles, on Ria de Villaviciosa
186 Gigia Gijon, Cerro de Santa Catalina, with fish processing factory at Plaza del Marques
187 Noega Roman fort at Campa Torres, Gijon, with lighthouse Torre Augusto
188 Roman villa at Banugues, Gozon
188.1 Roman fort at El Cantu la Figal, at Nieva, on Ria de Aviles
188.1 Roman fort at El Penon de Raices, on Ria de Aviles
189 Roman fort at El Castillo de San Martín, Soto del Barco, on Ria Nalon-Narcea
189.1 Plaza de Muros, at Muros de Nalon
190 Flavionavia Santianes, Pravia
190.1 Gold mine near Cadavedo beach
190.2 Castro de Mohias
190.3 Castro de Coana
190.4 Castro de la Punta de Figueira
190.5 Castro Castellon, west of Permenande beach
190.6 Castro de Cabo Blanco
190.7 Castro del Figo, Castreda
190.8 Castro del Esteiro, west of La Paloma beach
190.9 Castro del Corno, Pena Rubia, at Villadun de Barres
191 Castro de Pineira
191.1 Castro de Meirengos, and many other castros between this one and San Cyprien
191.2 Castro de Fazouro
191.3 Roman villa near Playa de Area, on Ria de Viveiro
191.4 Castro Vilela, on Ria del Barqueiro
192 Coido de Bares
193 Roman villa at Espasante, on Ria de Ortigueira
193.1 Castro Tallo, Punta dos Prados, and many others castros on this Ria de Ortigueira
194 Maior, Coto da Croa
195 Roman villa at San Xeao de Trebo chapel
196 Castro de Lobadiz
196.1 Roman villa at Carino
197 Magnus Portus Artabrorum, Artabron Limen, Portus Artaboi, Port of the Artabres El Ferrol (Mela’s description fits best to El Ferrol)
197.1 Longaras, at Gandara beach, and 3 castros on this Ria de Ferrol
198 Roman villa at Noville
199 Mea, Caldoval, East of Mugardos
200 Roman villa at Sopazos, near Puentedeume, on Ria de Ares
200.1 Roman villa at Centrona, on Ria de Ares
200.2 O Castro, A Insua, and many others castros upstreams of this Ria de Betanzos
200.3 Roman villa at Carnoedo, on Ria de Betanzos
200.4 Roman villa at Lorbe, on Ria de Betanzos
200.5 Roman villa at Ponte Pasaxe, on Ria de Coruna
200.6 Castro Elvina
201 Brigantum, Brigantia, Flavium Brigantium, Ad Columnam La Coruna, Corogna, Corogne, with its famous ancient lighthouse Torre Hercules & castro Torres de Padin
202 Castellum Aviliobris Cores, near Ponteceso
203 Camarinas
204 Artabron Limen, Portus Artaboi, Port of the Artabres? Avienus’ Oestrymnis, Oestriminis in this area? Fisterra
205 Portus Ebora, Noouion, on R Tamaris Noia in the Ria de Muros y Noya, on R Tambre
206 Castro Barona
206.1 Castro de Achadizo
206.2 Castro Grande de Neixon
207 Glandimirum, on R Sars, & Iria Flavia Pontecesures, on R Ulla
208 Turris Augusti, on R Sars Torres del Oeste, Catoira, Pontevedra, on R Ulla
209 Roman villa at Villagarcia de Arosa
210 Roman villa at Praia do Naso, on Arosa, Arousa Island, with Neolithic settlement on Areoso Island
211 Isla Toxa Grande
212 Roman villa at Adro Vello
213 Castro A Lanzada
213.1 Praya de Canexol, on Ilha de Ons
214 Ad Duos Pontes Pontevedra
214.1 Bueu
215 Pintens, near La Barra and Hio
215.1 Nerga
216 Igresina, Nerga, Cangas
217 Ensenada de San Simon
218 Roman villa at Vilar & castro de Montealegre, Vigo
218.1 Calle Marqués de Valladares, 43, Vigo
219 Vicus Spacorum Vigo, with Castro de Punta do Muino do Vento-Alacabre
220 Roman villa & castro at Isla de Toralla
220.1 Punta de Sobreira
221 Roman villa at Panxon
221.1 Stuciana Baiona
222 Tude, Castellum Tyde Tui
223 R Baenis, Minius, navigable R Mino, Minho, near Caminha
224 R Lethe, R Limeas, R Oblivio Santa Luzia, above Viana do Castelo on R Lima
225 Sea port of Bracara Augusta Sao Lourenco, Esposende, on R Cavado, sea port of Braga
226 Roman villa at Menedi
227 Roman villa, Alto de Martim Vaz
228 Vila do Conde on R Ave
229 Roman villa, Fontão de Antela, near Praia de Angeiras
230 Lordelo do Ouro, near Porto
231 Portus Galum, Portus Cale, estuary of R Dorius Roamn villa at Casa do Infante Dom Henrique, Porto
232 R Durius, navigable R Douro
233 Povoado da Torre
234 Talabriga Marnel at Lamas do Vouga, near Aveiro
235 Santa Olaia
236 Nossa Senhora do Desterro
237 Ameal
238 Aeminium on R Monda, Munda Coimbra, on R Mondego
239 Conimbriga Conimbriga, with port possibly near ancient bridge on R dos Mouros, R Ega
240 Parreitas, Lagoa de Pederneira, near Nazare, Alcobaca
241 Alfeizerao, near Sao Martinho do Porto, such a nice shelter must have been used since very ancient times, first for beaching, then possibly with port infrastructure on the north side of the bay
242 port of Eburobrittium Obidos
243 Roman amphora kiln at Morracal da Ajuda at Peniche which was probably an ancient island strikingly similar to Tyre; its name sounds like Phoenice; its shelter was possibly between island and mainland, now a fort moat
244 Londobris, Lanobris insulae, Saturno insulae Berlenga island, with possible lighthouse at Moinho Roman site
245 Lourinha
246 Torres Vedras on R Sizandro
247 Roman villa, Santo Andre de Almocageme
248 Roman villa, Villa dos Casais Velhos, near Guincho
248.1 Rua Marques Leal Pancada, Caiscais
249 Casa do Governator da Torre de Belem
250 Olissippo, Olisipo, Oliosipon, Ulyssippo, Felicitas Julia, Ophiussa? at outlet of R Tagus Lisbon, Nucleo Arqueologico, 21 rua dos Correeiros, in the basement of the Millennium Bank where a garum factory was located on the left bank of a local tributary of R  Tage flowing under the present day rua Augusta. Many other fish processing factories. Possible location of Avienus’ Ophiusa.
251 Roman villa, Sacavem
252 Roman villa, Povos, at Vila Franca de Xira on R Tage
252.1 Monte dos Castelinhos, on R Tage
252.2 Porto do Sabugueiro, near Muge on R Tage
252.3 Scallabis, Praesidium Iulium Alcacova de Santarem on R Tage
253 Porto dos Cacos, Alcochete
254 Abona, Aquabona near Coina
255 Quinta do Rouxinol, Seixal, Roman amphora kiln
256 Quinta do Almaraz, Cacilhas, Almada
256.1 Porto Brandao
257 Alfarim
258 Barbarium Prom., Pirgo Barbarion Cape Espichel, with ancient lighthouse
258.1 Avenida da Liberdade, Sesimbra
259 Creiro
260 Comenda
261 Caetobriga, Seth-Baal? Setubal
262 Caeciliana Cajados
263 Zambujalinho, Roman amphora kiln
264 Herdade do Pinheiro
265 Abul
266 Xarrouqueira, Vale da Cepa, Roman amphora kiln
267 Salacia, Salacra, on R Calipos, Kalipos Alcacer do Sal, upstream of Setubal on R Sado
268  Achale insula? Troia, very large Roman fish processing factory
269 Sinus Sines
270 Poetanion, Paetion, Anion, Patulus portus Pessegueiro island
271 Atlantis, Atlantide Mythical site located by Plato beyond the Pillars of Hercules and by Diodore at several days of navigation near West Afrika, but the location of this island is still much debated (perhaps somewhere between R Guadiana and R Guadalquivir in the Tartessos country, some locate it at Nea Kameni on Santorini island)
272 Sacrum  Prom. Praia de Beliche, Belixe, near Sagres, near Cape Sao Vicente, San Vincente, seems the first landing place in this area, it also features Roman ruins
273 Roman villa at Boca do Rio, Salema, Budens
274 Martinhal and Baleeira islet, with a Roman amphora kiln
275 Roman amphora kiln at Burgau
276 Senhora da Luz
277 port of Lacobriga Lagos, Roman fish processing factory in Rua Silva Lopes
277.1 Laccobriga Roman villa at Monte Moliao
278 Ipses, Portus Hannibalis? Vila Velha, Alvor
279 Roman villa at Quinta da Abicada, near Mexilhoeira Grande
280 Vau, Alvor
281 Roman villa at Baralha
282 Portus Hannibalis, Port of Annibal, Portus Magonis Portimao, on R Arade
283 Roman villa at Ferragudo
284 Rosario, Roman ruins
285 Cilpes Cerro da Rocha Branca, near Silves
286 Armacao de Pera, Roman fish processing factory
287 Praia de Aveiros
287.1 Santa Eulalia, Roman ruins
288 Cerro da Vila, Vilamoura, on R Ribeira de Quarteira
288.1 Monte da Vinha, Vinha do Casao
288.2 Marmeleiros, Roman fishing station
289 Quarteira Submersa, at 8 to 10 m waterdepth
290 Loule Velho, Roman fish processing factory
291 Trafal, Roman amphora kiln
292 Porto de Farrobilhas
293 Tejo do Praio, Quinta do Lago, Almancil, Roman kiln
294 Salgados, Roman kiln
295 Ossonoba Faro
296 Doca de Olhao
297 Quinta do Marim, Quelfes, near Olhao
298 Alfanxia, near Fuseta
299 Balsa Quinta das Antas, Torre d’Aires, near Luz de Tavira
300 Pedras d’El Rei
301 Tavira
302 Roman villa at Quinta do Muro, Cacela Velha
303 Roman villa at Quinta da Manta Rota, near Cacela Velha
304 Roman villa at Sao Bartolomeu, near Castro Marim
305 Baesuris, Esuris, on R Anae, Anas, navigable up to at least Iulia Myrtilis Castro Marim, on R Guadiana, navigable up to at least Mertola
306 Isla Cristina
306.1 La Vina, near La Redondela
306.2 La Ribera, on R Cano de la Rivera, near R Piedras
307 El Rompido, between Punta Umbria and Isla Saltes, on R Piedras
308 Onoba, Onuba, Portus Onobensis, Tartessos? between ancient R Tartessos? & R Iberos? Huelva, east of Plaza de las Monjas, between R Rio Tinto & R Odiel
308.1 El Eucaliptal at Punta Umbria & several fish processing factories on Isla de Saltes, on R Rio Tinto
309 Ilipula, Ilipla minor Niebla, on R Rio Tinto
310 Tartessos, Tartessus, Tarsi, Biblical Tarshish? The ancient city of Tartessos is probably located in the area of Huelva-Sevilla-Cadix. Possibly somewhere in Donana park? Cerro del Trigo? Pausanias (Greece, 6, 19) locates it near the outlet of R Baetis. However, Avienus indicates in his Ora Maritima that Tartessus is the ancient name of Gades, and Ps Scymnos locates it at 2 sailing days west of Gades (at Huelva?). Pliny (Nat Hist, 3, 3) locates Tartessos at Carteia. Some modern scholars believe Tartessos is at Huelva. The Bible several times mentions Tarshish which might possibly be here (another option would be Tarsus in SE Turkey).
310.1 Maenoba, Menova, on R Maenuba Villamanrique de la Condesa, near R Guadiamar
311 Olontigi, on R Maenuba Aznalcazar, on R Guadiamar
312 Caura Coria del Rio
313 Palomares del Rio
314 Osset San Juan de Aznalfarache
315 El Carambolo
316 Hispalis, archaic Spal, on R Baetis, R Besilus, ancient R Tartessos? Patio de Banderas del Alcazar, and other places in Sevilla, on R Guadalquivir
317 Italica Santiponce, river port on R Madre Vieja (now silted up) an affluent of R Guadalquivir
318 Ilipa magna, on R Baetis Alcala del Rio, on R Guadalquivir
319 Orippo Torre de los Herberos, at Dos Hermanas
320 Maribanez, near Los Palacios y Villafranca
321 Urgia, Ugia Las Torres de Alocaz, Las Cabezas de San Juan
322 Roman villa at Carrascona
323 Roman villa at Loma de la Vina
324 Nabrissa Veneria, on Lacus Ligustinus, Sinus Tartesii, now silted up Lebrija, on R Guadalquivir
325 Conobaria, Colobana, on Lacus Ligustinus, Sinus Tartesii, now silted up Cerro de las Vacas, near Trebujena
326 Asta Regia, Hasta, on the ancient Via Augusta Cortijo el Rosario, Mesas de Asta, with a causeway and quay at El Muelle
327 Aipora, Ebora, on Lacus Ligustinus, Sinus Tartesii, now silted up Cortijo de Ebora, near Las Marismas
328 Luciferi Fanum, Templo del Lucero, Lux Dubiae, Phosphoros El Tesorillo de la Algaida, near Sanlucar de Barrameda
329 Pirgo Caepino, Menestheus temple Salmedina islet, in front of Chipiona, on the South bank of the outlet of R Guadalquivir, with possible ancient lighthouse
329.1 Cimbis, Cimbios ? near Gades, perhaps near Rota?
330 Astaroth, Speculum Rotae Rota
331 Fuentebravia, with fish processing factories at Las Redes & Puerto 19
332 Portus Gaditanus, Portus Balbus, on via Augusta between Hispalis and Gades, on R Cilbus Puerto Santa Maria, at the outlet of R Guadalete, with fish processing factories at Las Redes & Puerto 19
333 Portus Menesthei, Menesthus Limen, Menesteo, port of Menesthee, on R Cilbus La Martela, ca. 250 m south of Castillo de Dona Blanca, on R Guadalete which later moved southwards
333.1 Ad Portum, on via Augusta between Hispalis and Gades Salinas San Carlos y San Jaime, with a Roman bridge, on R San Pedro
334 El Gallinero, Puerto Real shipyard in the Bay of Cadix, east of R San Pedro
335 Roman villa at Puente Melchor
335.1 Roman amphora kilns at Pinar de Villanueva, Jarana
336 Ad Pontem, on Antipolis insula, on via Augusta between Hispalis and Gades Puente Zuazo, San Fernando, with a Roman bridge
337 Antipolis insula Yacimiento de Los Cargaderos on the east side of the isle of Leon at San Fernando
338 on Antipolis insula Roman villa at Cerro de los Martires, south of San Fernando
339 Gadir, Gadira, Gades, Erithya, Erytheia, Eriteia insula (north), Kotinoussa insula (south) Cadiz, Cadix, with ancient lighthouse. Puerto interior on ancient canal of Bahia-Caleta. Initially, Gadir was an island as indicated by Strabo who speaks about « the Isle of the gaditans » (Geogr, 3, 2). Port remains were found at c/ Sagasta 96-98 and at c/ San Juan 37-39
339.1 Gadir, Gadira, Gades, Erithya, Erytheia, Eriteia insula Cadiz, Cadix. Remains of ancient city are visible under the modern theatre “Gadir”, fish processing factory at Teatro Andalucia, with port on c/ Canovas del Castillo
339.2 Gadir, Gadira, Gades, Erithya, Erytheia, Eriteia insula Cadiz, Cadix, with ancient lighthouse. Puerto exterior at La Caleta, with several offshore islets used for anchorage
339.3 Gadir, Gadira, Gades, Kotinoussa insula Cadiz, Cadix, Plaza Asdrubal, Junta de Andalucía Bldg
340 Camposoto
340.1 Punta del Boqueron
340.2 Sancti-Petri
341 Herakleion, Herakles-Melqart temple, Ad Herculem Isle of Sancti-Petri
342 Mercablum, Mergablum, Merifabion Conil de la Frontera
343 Juno, Junonis Prom. Roman villa at Canos de Meca, near Cape Trafalgar, with ancient lighthouse
344 Baesippo, Port Besippon Barbate
344.1 R Belone Zahara de los Atunes, on R Cachon
345 Baelo Claudia, Belone, Belon, Bello, Belo, Bailon Bolonia, large Roman fish processing factory with slipway & quays now eroded by the sea
346 Mellaria, Menlaria, Menralia Valdevaqueros, fish processing mentioned by Strabo (3, 1), uncertain location near the estuary of R Valle
347 Tarifa
348 Cetaria Getares
349 Portus Albus Torre de San García, Algeciras
350 Iulia Traducta or Transducta, Iulia Ioza, Tingentera Algeciras, on Rio de la Miel, with fish tanks on Calle San Nicolas
351 Carteia, Calpe, Karpessos Carteya, El Rocadillo San Roque, outlet of R Guadarranque in the bay of Algeciras
351.1 Carteia, Calpe, Karpessos Roman villa Victoria, San Roque, Puente de Mayorga in the bay of Algeciras
352 Cerro del Prado, on R Guadarranque
352.1 Gorham’s cave, Gibraltar, Jebel Tarik, settlement used during Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, and even by Phoenicians
352.2 Outlet of R Guadalquiton
353 Barbesula, Barbariana Guadiaro, on the estuary of R Guadiaro
353.1 Casa de Montilla, with BA settlement, on the estuary of R Guadiaro
353.2 Los Castillejos de Alcorrin, with BA settlement, on R Alcorrin
353.3 Roman villa Manilva at Castillo de la Duquesa
353.4 Roman villa at San Luis de Sabinillas
354 Lacipo, Lacippo Alechipe, near Marina de Casares
354.1 Torre de la Sal o Salto de la Mora
354.2 Roman villa at Arroyo Vaquero
354.3 Calle Genalguacil, 18, Estepona
355 Salduba, Saltum Roman villa of Las Torres, on the estuary of R Guadalmansa
355.1 Salduba, Saltum El Torreon, on R Guadalmansa
356 Cilniana, Silniana Basilica Vega del Mar, at San Pedro de Alcantara
357 Roman villa at Rio Verde
358 Suel Cerro del Castillo de Sohail, on the estuary of R Fuengirola
359 Finca del Secretario, North side of Fuengirola
360 Torreblanca del Sol
360.1 Roman villa at Torremuelle
360.2 Roman villa at Benalroma
360.3 Roman villa at Los Molinillos
361 Saduce Torremolinos
361.1 Roman villa at La Cizana Baja
361.2 Roman villa at Araijanal
362 Mainake, Moenace, Maenace? Cerro del Villar, on estuary of R Guadalorce
362.1 Cortijo de Montanez, on R Guadalorce
363 Malaca, Malaka, Mainake, Moenace, Maenace? Malaga, near estuary of R Guadalmina, with several Roman villas in the old city
364 Roman villa at La Loma de Benagalbon, Rincon de la Victoria
365 Mainake, Moenace, Maenace? Toscanos, at the toe of Cerro del Penon, 1.5 km upstream the R Velez, near Velez-Malaga
366 Maenoba, Mainobora? Cerro del Mar, 1.5 km upstream the R Velez,  near Velez-Malaga
367 Maenoba, Mainobora? Trayamar, at the outlet of R Algarrobo
367.1 Morro de Mezquitilla
367.2 Las Chorreras, at Mezquitilla
367.3 Lagos
368 Caviclum Faro de Torrox
368.1 Frexiniana? Cortijo de las Sombras, near Frigiliana
369 Ex, Sexi, Saxetanum El Majuelo, Almunecar, large Roman fish processing factory
370 Selambina, Salmbina Salobrena
370.1 Roman kilns at La Canada de Vargas, near El Maraute, at Torrenueva
371 Abdera, Abdara Cerro de Montecristo, Adra
372 Guardias Viejas
372.1 Ciavieja, El Ejido
373  Erroris Isle of Alboran, due South of Adra
374  Tauria ?? at 13 km of Alboran
375 Murgi Roquetas de Mar, Laja de palo
376 Turaniana Playa de Los Bajos, Ribera de la Algaida
377 Portos Magnos, port of Urci Almeria
378 Torre Garcia
379 Baria Villaricos, with several fish processing factories, on the estuary of R Almanzora
379.1 Cabecico de Parra, on R Almanzora
379.2 Aguilas, Calle Cassola
380 Longuntica? Isla del Fraile, near Aguilas
381 Ficariensis Locus near Mazarron
382 Museo Arqueologico Factoria Romana de Salazones de Puerto de Mazarron
382.1 Roman villa at Playa del Alamillo
382.2 La Azohia
383 Carthagine Spartaria, Carthago Nova, Carthage la neuve, archaic Mastia, Massiena, Punic Qart Hadasht Cartagena, Cerro del Molinete, possible canal in Calle Santa Florentina, possible quay at Casa Llagostera in Calle Mayor 23-25. Export of iron, silver & lead from the sierra minera de Cartagena-La Union
384 Espalmador Grande, near Cartagena
385 Herakles insula, Scombraria Escombreras, now connected to mainland
386 Portus Magnus, Onusa? Roman villa at Paturro, near Portman. Export of iron, silver & lead from the sierra minera de Cartagena-La Union
387 Saturni Prom. Roman villa at El Castillet, near Cabo de Palos, from where one could sail directly to Ceasarea Mauretania
388 Los Nietos, on Mar Menor. Export of iron, silver & lead from the sierra minera de Cartagena-La Union
389 Thiar near Torre de la Horadada
390 Allon? Alonai? Alonae? La Mata, at Torrevieja
391 Roman villa at El Moncayo beach
392 Port of Herna, port of Rojales, on R Tader La Fonteta, near Guardamar del Segura, on the estuary of R Segura (Herna is located inland at Pena Negra, Crevillent)
393 Roman villa at El Oral
394 Portus Illicitanus, port of Illici, Ilice, Elia, Helike La Picola, plaza Aljibes, near parque Palmeral, at Santa Pola, near Elche
395 Planesia insula, Nova Tabarca Nueva Tabarca island
396 Ad Leones El Saladar, near Alicante airport
397 Lucentum, Akra Leuke, Castrum Album Roman embarcadero de la Albufereta, near Tossal de Manises and near Tossal de Les Basses, with fish tank at 38.361989, -0.441106, in Alicante
398 Illeta dels Banyets, with fish tanks at Banos de la Reina, near El Campello
399 Allon, Alonai, Alonae Villajoyosa, La Vila Joiosa
400 Torre de Sant Josep
401 Allon? Alonai? Alonae? Tossal de la Cala, Benidorm
402 Roman villa at L’Albir
403 La Olla, near Altea
404 Hemeroscopion? Els Banys de la Reina, Penon de Ifach, at Calpe
405 Cala de Portichol, Portitxol
405.1 Villa Romana della Punta del Arenal, Javea
406 Dianium Denia
407 Almadrava, near Els Poblets
408 Portus Sucronis, port of Sucro, at outlet of R Sucro Cullera, on the estuary of R Jucar
409 Valentia, on R Tyris Valencia, on R Turia
410 Roman villa at El Villar, near Puig
411 Saguntum, Sagonte, Arse Grau Vell at Sagunto, near R Palancia
412 Roman villa at Pujol de Benicato, near Nules
413 Port of Sebelaci Burriana, port of Onda
414 Ad Novales? Vinarragell, on R Mijares, R Millars
415 Roman villa at Villamargo, near Castellon de la Plana
416 Etobesa, Etouissa? near Oropesa del Mar
416.1 Tyreche, Chersonesos Peniscola, probably an ancient island strikingly similar to Tyre
417 Indibilis near Benicarlo
418 Adeba near Vinaroz
419 Tenebrius portus on R Hiberus unlocated at outlet of R Ebro, perhaps Roman villa at Carrova, near Amposta?
420 Dertosa  on R Hiberus Tortosa, on R Ebro
421 R Hiberus, Iber R Ebro navigable over 200 km
422 Tria Capita near l’Ampola?
423 Sub Saltu near Vandellos nuclear power station
424 Oleastrum L’Hospitalet de l’Infant
425 Roman villa at Cambrils
426 Salauris Salou
427 Kissa, Kese, Cissa, Cissis, Calipolis near La Pineda
428 Taracco, Tarrakon, on R Tulcis, R Subi Tarragona, quay possibly located along Carrer de Smith, near R Francoli
428.1 Taracco, Tarrakon Tarragona, Roman breakwater probably located here, with possible lighthouse el Farellon, partly demolished in 1843
429 Roman villa at Els Munts, near Altafulla
430 Palfuriana Sant Vicenc de Calders, El Vendrell
431 Calafell
432 Darro
433 Barcino, on R Rubricatum Barcelona, on R Llobregat
434 Baetulo Via Augusta, Badalona
435 Turo de Montgat
436 Ilduro Burriac, Cabrera de Mar, near Mataro
437 Roman villa at Can Llauder, near Mataro
438 Iluro Mataro
439 Torre dels Encantats
440 Blanda Blanes
441 Turissa Tossa de Mar
442 Roman villa at Pla de Palol, near Platja d’Aro
443 Roman villa at Collet, near Palamos
443.1 Palamors, Celebantic cape? Palamos
444 Roman villa at Punta de Sant Esteve de La Fosca, near Palamos
444.1 Punta del Castell de La Fosca, near Palamos
445 Llafranc, Sant Sebastia de la Guarda, near Palafrugell
446 Lounarion Akron Cap Sa Sal Begur
446.1 Cypsela? Gypsela? Ullastret (now inland), near outlet of R Ter
446.2 Port of Mount Malodes? L’Estartit, near Mount Montgri, in front of the Medes islands and near outlet of R Ter
447 Indike Cala Montgo? Near L’Escala
447.1 Riells-La Clota, at La Escala
448 Emporion, Emporium, Emporia, Neapolis Empuries, Ampurias, sheltered by Las Muscleres Grosses islets (NB: the structure on the beach is not a breakwater but a part of the ancient city wall)
449 Emporion, Emporium, Emporia, Palaiapolis Sant Marti d’Empuries
450 Rhoda, Rhode, Rhodope Roses, and Roman fort at Puig Rom
451 Pyrenaei, Pyrenes, Pyrenee El Port de la Selva? « Le Pyrenee » generally means the oriental extremity of this chain of mountains that literally falls into the sea between Port Vendres in France and Roses in Spain. Its end is Cape Creus. Shelters are few and of bad quality, as they face the East, and the mountain is hostile. The best shelter is Port de la Selva on the Spanish side. Note that Herodotus (Hist. 2, 33) erroneously placed the source of the Danube here
451.1 Lancio Llanca
452 Gymnesias insulae Gymnesic (or Balearic) Islands: Mallorca and Minorca
453 Columba, Balearis Maior insula Isle of Mallorca
454 Palmeria Palma de Mallorca
455 Las Illetas
456 Puerto de Santa Ponsa, near Puig de Sa Morisca, Santa Ponsa, Calviá
457 Son Ferrandell-Olesa
458 Cova de Betlem, near Port de Valdemossa
459 Son Gallard
460 Puerto de Soller, Son Moleta
461 Cova de Tossa Alta
462 Mortitx
463 Buccorum, Bocchori Formentor-Pollensa
464 Pollentia portus minor Es Barcares, North of Alcudia
465 Pollentia portus major Alcudia
466 Can Picafort, with more slipways 300 m SE of the large slipway
467 Son Real, 500 m ESE of megalithic necropolis, and in front of Illot des Porros islet with more ruins
468 Es Calo
469 S’Illot, Sant Llorenc des Cardassar
470 Porto Cristo
471 Cova des Moros
472 Porto Colom
473 Puerto de Cala Llonga, Cala d’Or
474 Porto Petro
475 Santanyi
475.1 Cala s’Almunia
476 Na Moltona islet
476.1 port of Guium? Na Guardis islet, in front of Colonia Sant Jordi
477 Isle of Conejera
478 Isle of Cabrera
479 Puerto de Cabrera, Sa Plageta
480 Cala Pi
480.1 Na Galera islet, Can Pastilla
481 Nura, Balearis Minor insula Isle of Minorca
481.1 Cala Blanca
482 Yamma, Iamon, Iamna, Iamnona Ciudadela
483 Cala Morell
484 Sanisera Puerto Nitge, Sanitja
485 Puerto de Fornells
486 Puerto de Cala de Addaya
487 Cala Grao, Colom island
488 Mago, Portus Magonis Illa del Rei, Mahon
489 Cala Alcaufa
490 Biniai Nou, Cala Biniancolla
490.1 Cap de Forma
491 Cala Coves near Cala en Porter
492 Cova Murada, near Cala Galdana, Serpentona
493 Pityusa, Pytyuse, Pitiusas, Pittecusa insulae Pityusic islands: Ibiza and Formentera and Espalmador
494 Ebusus, Ebysos Ibiza, on the Isle of Ibiza, Dalt Vila
495 Cala Llonga, Puig de ses Torretes, Cap des Llibrell
495.1 S’argamassa
496 Sa Caleta, on the SW coast of Ibiza
497 Cala Badella
498 Port del Torrent
499 Es Pouas, near Sant Antony de Portmany
500 Puerto de San Miguel
501 Cala Portinatx
502 Ophioussa, Colubraia insula Puerto del Espalmador, on Formentera island
503 Puerto de Sabina, Estanque Peix, on Formentera island